Iishafuzizinto ezibalulekileyo kwiinkqubo zoomatshini, zisebenza njengomqolo oxhasa zonke izinto zokuhambisa ngelixa uhambisa i-torque kunye nokuthwala ixesha lokugoba. Uyilo lwe-shaft akufunekanga lugxininise kuphela kwiimpawu zalo zodwa kodwa luqwalasele ukuhlanganiswa kwayo kunye nesakhiwo esipheleleyo se-shaft system. Ngokuxhomekeke kuhlobo lomthwalo ofunyenwe ngexesha lokushukuma kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla, iishafti zinokuhlelwa ngokwezijikelezo, iishafti zokuqhuba, kunye neeshafti ezijikelezayo. Banokwahlulwa ngokusekwe kubume be-axis yabo ibe yi-shafts ethe tye, i-eccentric shafts, i-crankshafts, kunye ne-flexible shafts.
Izikhonkwane
1.Fixed Spindle
Olu hlobo lwento yokusonta luthwala kuphela ixesha lokugoba ngelixa lihleli limile. Ubume bayo obulula kunye nokuqina okuhle kwenza ukuba kube yinto efanelekileyo kwizicelo ezifana ne-axles yebhayisikili.
2.I-Spindle ejikelezayo
Ngokungafaniyo nokusonta okusisigxina, izisontena ezijikelezayo zikwanazo namaxesha okugoba ngelixa zihamba. Ngokuqhelekileyo zifumaneka kwii-asi zamavili kaloliwe.
Ishaft yokuqhuba
Iishafti zokuqhuba ziyilelwe ukuhambisa itorque kwaye zihlala zinde ngenxa yezantya eziphezulu zokujikeleza. Ukuthintela ukungcangcazela okunzima okubangelwa amandla e-centrifugal, ubunzima be-drive shaft busasazwa ngokulinganayo kunye nomjikelezo wayo. I-shafts zangoku zokuqhuba zihlala zisebenzisa uyilo olungenanto, olubonelela ngesantya esiphakamileyo esibaluleke kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa neeshafti eziqinileyo, zibenza bakhuseleke kwaye basebenzise izinto eziphathekayo. Umzekelo, iishafti zokuqhuba iimoto zidla ngokwenziwa ngeepleyiti zentsimbi ezishinyeneyo, ngelixa iimoto ezinomthwalo onzima zihlala zisebenzisa imibhobho yentsimbi engenamthungo.
I-Shaft ejikelezayo
I-shafts ejikelezayo iyingqayizivele kuba inyamezela zombini ukugoba kunye ne-torsional moment, ibenza ibe yenye yezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kwizixhobo zoomatshini.
Umngxuma othe ngqo
Iishafti ezithe tye zine-axis yomgca kwaye zinokuhlelwa zibe yi-optical and stepped shafts. Iishathi eziqinileyo zihlala zimdaka, kodwa zinokuyilwa ukuba zibenomgongxo ukunciphisa ubunzima ngelixa zigcina ukuqina kunye nokuzinza kwe-torsional.
1.I-Optical Shaft
Ilula ngobume kwaye kulula ukuyenza, ezi shafts zisetyenziselwa ukuhanjiswa.
2.Stepped Shaft
I-shaft ene-stepped longitudinal cross-section kubhekiselwa kuyo njenge-shaft ene-steped. Olu luyilo luququzelela ukufakwa lula kunye nokubekwa kwamacandelo, okukhokelela ekusasazweni komthwalo ngokufanelekileyo. Ngelixa imilo yayo ifana neyomqadi onamandla afanayo, inamanqaku amaninzi oxinzelelo loxinzelelo. Ngenxa yezi mpawu, i-shafts stepped isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zothumelo.
3.Camshaft
Icamshaft licandelo elibalulekileyo kwiinjini zepiston. Kwii-injini ezine-stroke, i-camshaft isebenza kwisiqingatha sesantya se-crankshaft, kodwa isagcina isantya esiphezulu sokujikeleza kwaye kufuneka inyamezele i-torque ebalulekileyo. Ngenxa yoko, uyilo lwecamshaft lubeka iimfuno ezingqongqo kumandla ayo kunye nenkxaso yezakhono.
IiCamshafts zihlala zenziwe ngentsimbi ekhethekileyo, nangona ezinye ziyilwe kwizinto ezibunjiweyo zokomelela. Uyilo lwecamshaft ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kuyilo lwenjini ngokubanzi.
4.Spline Shaft
Iishafu ze-spline zithiywe ngenkangeleko yazo eyahlukileyo, eneqhosha le-longitudinal kumphezulu wazo. Ezi ndlela zingundoqo zivumela amacandelo ajikelezayo afakwe kwi-shaft ukugcina ukujikeleza okuhambelanayo. Ukongeza kobu buchule bokujikeleza, i-spline shafts nayo yenza intshukumo ye-axial, kunye noyilo oluthile olubandakanya iindlela ezithembekileyo zokutshixa usetyenziso kwiinkqubo zokuqhomfa kunye nokulawula.
Olunye uhlobo lwe-telescopic shaft, equkethe iityhubhu zangaphakathi nangaphandle. Umbhobho wangaphandle unamazinyo angaphakathi, ngelixa ityhubhu yangaphakathi inamazinyo angaphandle, evumela ukuba ahlangane kunye ngaphandle komthungo. Olu yilo alugqithisi nje itorque ejikelezayo kodwa lukwabonelela ngamandla okwandisa kunye nekhontrakthi ngobude, nto leyo iyenza ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiindlela zokuhambisa igiya.
5.I-Gear Shaft
Xa umgama ukusuka kwisangqa se-dedendum yegiya ukuya ezantsi kwendlela yesitshixo uncinci, igiya kunye ne-shaft idityaniswe kwiyunithi enye, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-gear shaft. Eli candelo lomatshini lixhasa iindawo ezijikelezayo kwaye zisebenza ngokubambisana nazo ukuhambisa intshukumo, i-torque, okanye ixesha lokugoba.
6.Worm Shaft
I-worm shaft iqhele ukwakhiwa njengeyunithi enye edibanisa zombini i-worm kunye ne-shaft.
7.I-Hollow Shaft
Ishafti eyenzelwe ukuba ibeneziko elinomngxuma yaziwa ngokuba ngumngxuma ongenanto. Xa uhambisa i-torque, umaleko wangaphandle we-shaft ongenanto ufumana uxinzelelo oluphezulu lokucheba, okuvumela ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwezixhobo. Ngaphantsi kweemeko apho umzuzu wokugoba we-shafts egobileyo kunye neqinile ilingana, i-shafts egobileyo inciphisa kakhulu ubunzima ngaphandle kokunciphisa ukusebenza.
I-Crankshaft
I-crankshaft licandelo elibalulekileyo kwi-injini, elenziwa ngentsimbi ye-carbon structural okanye i-ductile iron. Iquka amacandelo amabini abalulekileyo: ijenali ephambili kunye nejenali yokudibanisa intonga. Ijenali ephambili ifakwe kwi-injini ye-injini, ngelixa ijenali yentonga yokudibanisa idibanisa ekupheleni okukhulu kwentonga yokudibanisa. Isiphelo esincinci sentonga yokudibanisa idityaniswe kwipiston kwi-cylinder, yenze i-classic crank-slider mechanism.
I-Eccentric Shaft
I-shaft eccentric ichazwa njenge-shaft ene-axis engahambelani nendawo yayo. Ngokungafaniyo ne-shafts eqhelekileyo, eyona nto iququzelela ukujikeleza kwamacandelo, i-eccentric shafts iyakwazi ukuhambisa zombini ukulinganisa kunye ne-revolution. Ukulungelelanisa umgama ophakathi phakathi kweeshafti, i-eccentric shafts idla ngokusetyenziswa kwiindlela zonxibelelaniso ezicwangcisiweyo, ezifana ne-V-belt drive systems.
I-Flexible Shaft
I-Flexible shafts ziyilelwe ngokuyinhloko ukuhambisa i-torque kunye nokunyakaza. Ngenxa yokuqina kokugoba okusezantsi kakhulu xa kuthelekiswa nokuqina kwe-torsional, i-shafts eguquguqukayo inokuhamba ngokulula ijikeleze imiqobo eyahlukeneyo, ivumela ukuhanjiswa komgama omde phakathi kwamandla aphambili kunye nomatshini osebenzayo.
Ezi shafts ziququzelela ukuhanjiswa kwentshukumo phakathi kwee-axes ezimbini ezinentshukumo ehambelanayo ngaphandle kwesidingo sezixhobo ezongezelelweyo zothumelo oluphakathi, okwenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezide. Uyilo lwabo olulula kunye neendleko eziphantsi negalelo ekuthandeni kwabo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo zoomatshini. Ukongeza, i-shafts eguquguqukayo inceda ukufunxa ukothuka kunye nokungcangcazela, ukuphucula ukusebenza ngokubanzi.
Usetyenziso oluqhelekileyo lubandakanya izixhobo zamandla eziphathwayo, iinkqubo ezithile zothumelo kwizixhobo zoomatshini, ii-odometers, kunye nezixhobo zokulawula kude.
1.Power-Type Flexible Shaft
Iishafu eziguquguqukayo zohlobo lwamandla zibandakanya uqhagamshelo olusisigxina kwindawo edibeneyo ye-shaft ethambileyo, exhotyiswe ngomkhono wokutyibilika ngaphakathi kombhobho odibeneyo. Ezi shafts ziyilelwe ngokuyintloko ukuhanjiswa kwetorque. Imfuneko esisiseko yohlobo lweshafti eziguquguqukayo zohlobo lwamandla kukuqina okwaneleyo kokuqina. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ezi shafts ziquka iindlela ezichasayo zokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwe-unidirectional. Umaleko wangaphandle wakhiwe ngocingo lwetsimbi olunobubanzi obukhulu, kwaye ezinye ziyilo azibandakanyi intonga engundoqo, ephucula ukuxhathisa kokunxiba kunye nokuguquguquka.
2.Control-Type Flexible Shaft
Iishafti eziguquguqukayo zohlobo lokulawula ziyilelwe ngokuyintloko ukuhanjiswa kwentshukumo. Itorque abayithumelayo ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukoyisa itorque ekhukhulayo eyenziwe phakathi kweshafti ethambileyo yocingo kunye nombhobho. Ukongeza ekubeni nokuqina okuphantsi kokugoba, ezi shafts kufuneka zibe nokuqina okwaneleyo kwe-torsional. Xa kuthelekiswa nohlobo lwamandla oluguquguqukayo lwe-shafts, ii-shafts eziguquguqukayo zokulawula zibonakaliswe yimpawu zabo zesakhiwo, ezibandakanya ubukho bentonga engundoqo, inani eliphezulu leengqimba ezijikelezayo, kunye neentambo ezincinci zocingo.
Ulwakhiwo lwe-Flexible Shaft
Iishafu eziguquguqukayo ngokuqhelekileyo ziquka izinto ezininzi: i-shaft yocingo eguquguqukayo, i-flexible shaft joint, i-hose kunye ne-hose joint.
1.I-Wire Flexible Shaft
I-wire flexible shaft, eyaziwa ngokuba yi-flexible shaft, yakhiwe ukusuka kwiileya ezininzi zentsimbi yentsimbi edibeneyo, eyenza i-cross-section ejikelezayo. Uluhlu ngalunye lunemicu emininzi yenxeba yocingo ngaxeshanye, inika isakhiwo esifana ne-multi-strand spring. Owona maleko wocingo ungaphakathi ubotshelelwe kungqameko lwentonga, kunye nezaleko ezimeleneyo ezibotshelelwa kumacala achaseneyo. Olu luyilo luqhele ukusetyenziswa koomatshini bezolimo.
2.Flexible Shaft Joint
I-flexible shaft joint yenzelwe ukudibanisa i-shaft yokuphuma kwamandla kumacandelo asebenzayo. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zoqhagamshelwano: esisigxina kunye ne-sliding. Uhlobo olusisigxina luqhele ukusetyenziselwa iishafti eziguquguqukayo ezimfutshane okanye kwizicelo apho iradiyasi yokugoba ihlala ingatshintshi. Ngokwahlukileyo, uhlobo lokutyibilika lusetyenziswa xa iradiyasi yokugoba ihluka kakhulu ngexesha lokusebenza, ivumela intshukumo enkulu ngaphakathi kombhobho ukulungiselela utshintsho lobude njengoko i-hose igoba.
3.Hose kunye neHose Joint
I-hose, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-sheath yokukhusela, isebenza ukukhusela i-shaft eguquguqukayo yocingo ekudibaneni namalungu angaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko lomsebenzisi. Ukongeza, inokugcina izithambiso kwaye ithintele ukungcola ekungeneni. Ngethuba lokusebenza, i-hose inika inkxaso, yenza i-shaft eguquguqukayo ibe lula ukuyiphatha. Ngokucacileyo, i-hose ayijikelezi kunye ne-shaft eguquguqukayo ngexesha lokuhanjiswa, ivumela ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokusebenza kakuhle.
Ukuqonda iindidi ezahlukeneyo kunye nemisebenzi yeeshafti kubalulekile kwiinjineli kunye nabaqulunqi ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuthembeka kwiinkqubo zoomatshini. Ngokukhetha uhlobo olufanelekileyo lwe-shaft kwizicelo ezithile, umntu unokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kunye nokuphila ixesha elide koomatshini. Ukufumana ulwazi oluthe kratya kumacandelo oomatshini kunye nezicelo zabo, hlala ubukele uhlaziyo lwethu lwamva nje!
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-15-2024
